![]() ![]() This finding was observed in persons administered Paxlovid and in persons given placebo. In the Paxlovid clinical trial, a small number of participants had one or more positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test results after testing negative, or an increase in the amount of SARS-CoV-2 detected by PCR, after completing their treatment course (5). Possible transmission of infection during COVID-19 rebound has been described (3) however, it remains unknown whether the likelihood of transmission during rebound differs from the likelihood of transmission during the initial infection. Based on information from the case reports, COVID-19 rebound did not represent reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 or the development of resistance to Paxlovid also, no other respiratory pathogens were identified among known cases. Both the recurrence of illness and positive test results improved or resolved (median of 3 days) without additional anti-COVID-19 treatment. These cases of COVID-19 rebound had negative test results after Paxlovid treatment and had subsequent positive viral antigen and/or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing. Recent case reports document that some patients with normal immune response who have completed a 5-day course of Paxlovid for laboratory-confirmed infection and have recovered can experience recurrent illness 2 to 8 days later, including patients who have been vaccinated and/or boosted (were up to date with COVID-19 vaccination) (2-4).
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